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| Banned تاريخ التسجيل: Jan 2018 العمر: 43 المشاركات: 454 |  What to eat if you have multiple myeloma What to eat if you have multiple myeloma Last reviewed Wed 28 February 2018 By Megan Ware, RDN, LD Reviewed by Natalie Butler, RD, LD Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that forms in bone marrow. It occurs when a type of blood cell called a plasma cell becomes cancerous and forms a tumor, usually within the bone. If more than one tumor forms, it is known as multiple myeloma.Cancerous plasma cells can cause anemia and lead to infections. Normal plasma cells help fight infections, but myeloma cells keep the healthy plasma cells from doing their job. Myeloma cells speed up the breakdown of bone and prevent new bone from forming, making breaks and fractures common. Traditional treatment for multiple myeloma can include chemotherapy, bisphosphonates, radiation, surgery, and stem cell transplants. Complementary treatments that can be used alongside regular treatment include special diets, vitamins, herbs, acupuncture, or massage. Diet tips  Eating foods high in iron, such as chickpeas, is recommended for people with anemia. There are no proven special diets to treat multiple myeloma. However, there are specific nutrition strategies that can be used to treat common symptoms, such as kidney damage and anemia, as well as to reduce cancer recurrence. Despite the lack of evidence to support an alternative diet, proper nutrition with a focus on particular foods still plays a role in the overall health, energy levels, and strength of people with multiple myeloma. Foods for anemia Multiple myeloma can cause anemia, a condition where there are too few red blood cells in the body. A decreased amount of red blood cells can cause fatigue and weakness. Anemia can also be caused by iron, folate, and vitamin B-12 deficiencies. Iron There are two types of iron: heme and non-heme. Animal-based foods provide heme iron and plant foods provide non-heme iron. Heme iron is more readily absorbed by the body. If a person is found to have low iron levels, taking an iron supplement and eating foods high in iron can help. The best sources of heme iron include:
Folate Folate is a B vitamin that helps with the formation of red and white blood cells in the bone marrow. Foods that are high in folate include:
 Bone marrow cancer: What you need to knowBone marrow is a spongy tissue found in the center of some bones. Learn about what cancers can affect the bone marrow. Read now Vitamin B-12 Vitamin B-12 works together with folate to form red blood cells. A deficiency in B-12 can further decrease the bone marrow's ability to make and maintain red blood cells in people with multiple myeloma. Food sources of B-12 include:
A small study of 32 people post myeloma treatment found that 59 percent had a vitamin D deficiency, 25 percent had insufficient folate, and 6 percent were lacking in B-12. Sources of vitamin D include:
Anti-cancer foods  Fresh basil contains ursolic acid, which may inhibit cancer cells. Recent studies show promising benefits of certain vegetables and fruits for cancer prevention and complementary treatment. Ursolic acid is found in many plants and has been shown to be cytotoxic, which can inhibit a variety of cancer cells. Foods with ursolic acid include:
Pterostilbene, a natural compound found primarily in blueberries, exhibits anti-tumor activity. Curcumin, which is found in the spice turmeric, has also shown anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer benefits. Overall, a diet rich in plant foods and low in sugar is helpful for cancer prevention as well as support during treatment. Foods to avoid There are some foods people with multiple myeloma may wish to avoid to reduce their symptoms. Foods to avoid with kidney damage People with multiple myeloma can develop kidney damage. The breakdown of bone releases high amounts of calcium and protein into the bloodstream, which the kidneys work hard to filter out. As kidney function declines, people with multiple myeloma may need to limit their intake of potassium, phosphorus, and fluids. Foods that are high in potassium include:
A doctor will closely follow the kidney function of someone with multiple myeloma to see if potassium or phosphorus need to be monitored. Foods to avoid during chemotherapy  People with compromised immune systems should avoid eating food that is out of date. While cancer itself can damage a person's immune system, so can cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy. Damage to a person's immune system can put them at a higher risk for infection. Hand washing and staying away from people who are sick are essential for people with a weakened immune system. Some foods can also cause further illness and infection in a person who is receiving chemotherapy. While someone with a healthy immune system can fight off pathogens in food, someone with decreased immunity would benefit from avoiding foods that could contain a food-borne illness or bacteria. Foods to avoid:
Outlook According to the American Cancer Society, multiple myeloma is a relatively rare cancer and occurs in about 1 in 143 people. The median survival rate for stage I multiple myeloma is 62 months, meaning that at 62 months, half of the people in that group were still alive. However, treatments are constantly evolving, and many people with multiple myeloma may be able to take part in clinical trials that test new medications and treatments. Eating a healthful diet that reduces the symptoms of multiple myeloma and the side effects of chemotherapy can help improve a person's quality of life and keep them strong and comfortable during treatment. Related coverage  Iron deficiency anemia: Causes, symptoms, and management In this article, learn about anemia and what causes iron deficiency. What are risk factors for developing iron deficiency anemia and how is it diagnosed? Read now  Bone Marrow Biopsy: What to Expect What happens during a bone marrow biopsy? This article looks at how bone marrow biopsies are carried out, how long they take, and whether or not they hurt. Read now  MDS prognosis: Outlook and life expectancy MDS is a type of cancer where the bone marrow does not produce healthy cells. Learn about its prognosis, what factors affect it, and outlook. Read now  What is leukopenia? Leukopenia is a condition where a person has a reduced number of white blood cells and an increased risk of infection. Learn more. Read now  Blood transfusions: Is there a limit? When do you need a blood transfusion? Is there a maximum number of blood transfusions a person can have? Find out in this article. Read now share Nutrition / Diet Blood / Hematology Cancer / Oncology Additional information
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